Sports and health nutrition
Fatemeh Kazeminasab
Abstract
Background: The exercise training and vegetarian diets have been accepted as a suitable and non-pharmacological method to improve lifestyle and reduce metabolic diseases, including diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effect of aerobic exercise and vegetarian ...
Read More
Background: The exercise training and vegetarian diets have been accepted as a suitable and non-pharmacological method to improve lifestyle and reduce metabolic diseases, including diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effect of aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet on insulin resistance factors.Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, SID, Magiran, and Google scholar databases were searched until February 2022 for English articles. Meta-analyses were performed to compare the impact of aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet on insulin resistance factors (fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR). Standardized mean differences (SMD), weighted mean differences (WMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random and fixed effect models. Also, the I2 test was used to determine heterogeneity, and the Funnel plot and Egger tests at a significant level of 0.1 were used to determine publication bias.Results: The results of meta-analysis of 29 studies with 10019 adults, showed that aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet significantly decreased in body weight [WMD=-4.49, (CI: -6.27 to -2.72), p=0.001], fasting serum glucose [SMD=-0.46, (CI: -0.65 to -0.27), p=0.001], serum insulin [SMD=-0.42, (CI: -0.52 to -0.32), p=0.001], and HOMA-IR [WMD=-0.73, (CI: -0.97 to -0.49), p=0.001].Conclusion: The findings of the present meta-analysis show the important role of exercise and vegetarian diet in improving insulin resistance. So, aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet are suggested as a non-drug approach for reducing fasting insulin and glucose for adults.
Fatemeh Kazeminasab
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the expression of lncRNAs associated with Glucose 6 phosphatase (G6P) and Glucokinase (GCK) in obese diabetic mice. Materials and methods: Eighteen C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: mice fed a high-fat diet ...
Read More
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the expression of lncRNAs associated with Glucose 6 phosphatase (G6P) and Glucokinase (GCK) in obese diabetic mice. Materials and methods: Eighteen C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: mice fed a high-fat diet (n=12) and mice fed a standard diet (n=6) for 16 weeks. Then, diabetic mice were divided into two groups: high-fat diet-exercise, high-fat diet-sedentary. The exercised mice were trained on a treadmill for 8 weeks at an average speed of 21 m/min for 50 minutes. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, the mice were sacrificed. Liver tissue was isolated and stored at -80°C. Results: The results showed that levels of hepatic glucose 6 phosphatase and MEG3 increased following a high-fat diet and decreased significantly in trained mice compared to untrained mice. In addition, the expression of glucokinase and lncLGR decreased in diabetic rats, but increased after exercise. Conclusion: The expression of Glucose 6 phosphatase may be regulated in liver tissue probably due to physical exercise and decreased MEG3 lncRNA expression. Exercise reduces the expression of MEG3, which regulates the expression of G6P in liver tissue. Under these conditions, gluconeogenesis and hepatic glucose production was reduced and insulin resistance was improved. Exercise also increased lncLGR expression, possibly leading to increased hepatic GCK expression. In this condition, blood glucose was reduced and stored in the form of glycogen in the liver.
